Difference between Hobbes Locke and Rousseau Social Contract

The concept of a social contract has been prevalent in political philosophy for centuries. The idea suggests that individuals agree to surrender some of their liberties in exchange for protection and security provided by the government. Three prominent thinkers who developed the social contract theory are Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau all advocated for a social contract, but their views on this topic were distinct. Hobbes` social contract theory was based on the belief that humans are inherently selfish and individualistic. He believed that individuals agree to give up some of their rights to a governing authority in exchange for security, protection, and the prevention of social chaos. This governing authority is characterized by absolute power and authority over its subjects.

Locke`s social contract theory, on the other hand, was based on the belief that individuals have natural rights to life, liberty, and property. He believed that individuals enter into a social contract to protect these rights, and the government`s primary function is to serve and defer to its citizens. According to Locke, the government should be held accountable for any infringement on individual rights and should be dissolved if these rights are not protected.

Rousseau`s social contract theory takes a different approach by believing that legitimacy in governance can only come from the will of the people. He believed that individuals should work together for the common good of society, establishing a government that would embody the will of the people and protect the general will.

In summary, Hobbes` social contract theory focused on the need for a strong, centralized government to maintain order, Locke`s social contract theory emphasized individual rights and the role of government in defending them, and Rousseau`s social contract theory prioritized the will of the people as the source of political legitimacy.

In conclusion, Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau`s social contract theories all lay foundations for the current political and social systems in the world today. While their views on the social contract differ, they all stress the importance of establishing and maintaining a government that will best serve its citizens. Understanding the different social contract theories can help us better appreciate the origins and evolution of modern political systems.